很多學生英文已經學了很久,基本的口說可以很流利,看英文書信也沒有甚麼大問題。但是考 TOEIC 時,閱讀時總是拿不到高分,我發現那些同學一定都是介係詞不熟悉。介係詞的常見錯誤很多,通常大家是不確定要用哪個介係詞,不過這次我們這次來看看另一種錯誤,有些我們普遍認知要加介係詞的地方,其實是不用加介係詞的喔 ! 我們來看看不用加介係詞的情況有哪些:
To : 通常表示到什麼地方去,我們都會在地方之前加 to
例如:
* I have to go to office now.
* I am going to go to the department store this Saturday.
不過有一些地方,前面是不會加 to的,這就要大家多注意了!
例如:
* Here (這裡)
Can you come here tomorrow?
* There (那裡)
I don’t want to go there!
* Home (家)
I’m tired. Let’s go home.
* Upstairs & downstairs (樓上 & 樓下)
Let’s go upstairs. There are more seats up there.
* Abroad (國外) & overseas (海外)
My company wants to send me overseas.
* Somewhere (某地), anywhere (任何地方), nowhere (無地)
Come and see me then . We ' ll go out somewhere .
* Inside (裡面) & outside (外面)
Let’s go outside!
For : 時間的前面我們通常會加 for
例如:
* I lived there for six years.
* I have studied English for 3 hours.
不過如果談論的是次數 ( many times, several times, once, twice, three times… ),雖然也有時間的概念,但是前面就不能加 for 了。
例如:
* I’ve been to Japan several times.
* I went out with him twice, but decided he was not my type.
On : 要指名特定日子時,我們會在前面加 on
例如:
* Bakeries, shops at gas stations or convenient stores in train stations are usually open on Sundays.
* My birthday is on February 20th.
但是特定日子前面有 this, next, last ,就不用再使用介系詞了喔 !
例如:
* I will call you back next Monday.
* My birthday is this Saturday.
In : 若表示「在」幾月,介系詞用 in
例如:
* Christmas is in December.
若表示「現在是幾月」,則不加介系詞。
( A ) : What month is it ?
( B ) : It’s January.
有些動詞後不需要加介係詞
例如:
* I will contact you when I get the information.
Contact 當動詞時就有 "與……聯繫 "之意,所以不用再加 with了!
* My sister married Jason last year.
Marry 這個動詞也是有 "和……結婚 "的意思,所以不用加 with。不過如果要用形容詞 married 來表示已婚狀態,就需要加介係詞 to來表示,例句:My sister is married to Jason.
* He doesn't like to show his feelings.
因為show中文的解釋有"流露出"的意思,所以可能就習慣加上 out 這個字。不過其實 show out 有另外的意思:to go to the door of the building with someone who does not live or work there, when they are leaving 就是"送(客人)出門"的意思 。
* Did you mention this to the boss ?
我們來看mention 的英文解釋:to talk about something or someone in a conversation, piece of writing etc., especially without saying very much or giving details.
因為 mention就是 talk about ,有"提到,說起"的意思,所以不用再加 about 了。
以上這些介係詞錯誤是不是大家也似曾相識 ? 不用擔心,語言學習本來就會犯錯。最重要的是要有正確的觀念,加上不斷的練習,自然你的英文就會越來越精確了!